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The colourism conundrum

· 10 min read

The colourism conundrum | BalkisBeauty | Beauty Blog

🇬🇧 “If only you were as light-skinned as your mom, how beautiful you would have been!”

One of my uncles said this to me one day, as I was making my way to my car in sunny Conakry, minding my business, all dolled up and feeling myself.  And despite having heard many variations of this throughout the years due to my mom’s extremely light complexion but also to the fact that I look exactly like her, it still stopped me dead in my tracks. But only for a few seconds, the time for me to realise that this did not even require a reaction or response because it came from such a deeply rooted self-hate that we as Africans have been dealing with for centuries now, that I couldn’t let it get to me. A byproduct of colonialism, we have internalised these racialized beauty standards so well. Lighter skin at that time, meant privileges and favours, and probably quite often escaping harsher situations in the same way the lighter-skinned slaves were given more domestic chores while the dark-skinned ones were assigned the more grueling tasks.

Marrying a light-skinned woman is said to bring luck to a man and it is a clear marker of one’s social status, especially in my mom’s native Senegal. Mixed people, thanks to their closeness to whiteness, are at the top of the totem pole and there was always this aura of prestige associated with being with a “métis” when I was growing up. Sometimes husbands themselves (or boyfriends), request their wives to bleach their skin.

The Skin Bleaching Epidemic

This has led women in particular, to widely practice what is called in Senegal “xeesaal”, a technique of skin bleaching that has become a matter of public health with its many consequences such as skin cancers and despite governments’ efforts to stop it. Recently, advertising skin bleaching products was banned from radios and TV channels in Senegal. Countries like Ivory Coast or Ghana completely forbid the importation of these products but it is completely ignored and the products remain available everywhere, from markets to small stores to higher-end ones.

Marlène-Kany Kouassi, Miss Cote d’Ivoire 2022, Ivory Coast has been at the forefront of the fight against colourism

Some men also strip their skins of any melanin methodically, Congolese men are notorious for their use of the “tchoko” as they call it and I’m always left to wonder, looking at these people’s knuckles or elbows, why they think this is attractive. The irony is that the melanin they hate so much is literally what protects them from the harmful effects of the African sun’s UV (ultraviolet) rays.

The infamous Caro White made in the Congo that women mix with cortisone or even sometimes, bleach

But sub-Saharan Africa is not the only part of the world that experienced white supremacy and consequently, the billion-dollars bleaching industry is thriving in many other parts of the world. South Asia, the Caribbean and the Americas are the bread and butter of these companies. A lot of these products would only be available in those countries with a majority of brown people, along with extremely offensive adverts that associate getting lighter with becoming successful.

The fact that multinationals can still label their products as “whitening” is extremely problematic, to say the least. Even if the word was mainly used to satisfy the Asian markets where people routinely call lightening products (see below) “whitening”.

There has been progress however and companies like L’Oréal and Unilever have agreed to drop the words “white” “whitening” or “fair” from their Skincare products.

Offensive billboards like this can be seen anywhere in sub-Saharan Africa

Depigmentation & Hyperpigmentation

But there’s a big difference between completely changing your natural skin colour and wanting to address unevenness in your skin tone. Hyperpigmentation is, unfortunately, more common in darker skins. A result of sun damage, hormonal changes and genetic predispositions (melasma) or an inflammation of the skin (acne), darker patches of skin can appear due to melanin overproduction.

And I am convinced that for a lot of the women in Africa using bleaching creams, they want to actually address these issues  but have limited access to quality lightening products.

Lightening products sometimes contain the same ingredients used in bleaching creams. Hydroquinone is one of them.

Despite its controversial nature (it has been banned in the EU since 2001 as it is suspected to be a carcinogen), it remains the gold standard to treat hyperpigmentation. It is an effective ingredient if used carefully; it should be used under a dermatologist’s supervision. It can be irritating and cause allergic reactions particularly to those with dry, sensitive skins and can also lead to exogenous ochronosis, a bluish-black discolouration in dark-skinned people if used for too long. So make sure to only use it for a short amount of time and don’t mix it with peroxides (benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide) or even with acids to avoid any irritation. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should stay clear of it.

Retinol, kojic acid and azelaic acid are all good alternatives you should look for in lightening products. Retinol should be used regardless; it is an excellent way to prevent hyperpigmentation.

For faster results, chemical peels and lasers can make a difference when performed by board-certified dermatologists.

Brightening products are yet another category. Packed with AHAs, BHAs, enzymes or Vitamin C, their goal is to bring radiance to the skin (yes, that JLo glow). My beloved Retinol will also help here.

But the best way to prevent a lot of this as much as possible (and yes, even for darker-skinned people) is to protect yourself from the sun. Limiting sun exposure, especially during the most intense hours of the day but more importantly using sunscreen (and make sure that you do reapply it as needed) are habits that will determine how even your skin looks. 

© N’Deye S. Somparé

le problème du colorisme

N'Deye

N'Deye

Esthetician trained at Aveda in New York, with a specialization in aromatherapy. I created BalkisBeauty to help you see through the gimmicks and find what works for you.

Read my story →

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